Removal of anti-inflammatory drugs using activated carbon from agro-industrial origin: current advances in kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic studies

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are highly consumed around the world and consequently found as emerging pollutants in water; they concentrations up to µg L?1 making their removal a priority. In this matter, adsorption is an efficient alternative for drug removal, so using activated carbon (AC) adsorbent explored subject. The current interest obtain AC from waste, example, those of agro-industrial origin, reducing way overall costs process. Although information regarding use origin NSAIDs limited, exclusive compilation required understand state art date. This work aims update related ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen on AC, it focused period 2016–2021. It highlights characteristics responsible adsorption. Recent studies, including kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics, analyzed compared. Progress removing real wastewater also presented finally proposed mechanisms these processes.